薊屬(学名:Cirsium),屬於菊科,是多年生植物,至少150种,分布于北温带。其中较多见的为大薊,是蘇格蘭國花。学名Cirsium来源于希腊语“kirsos”。
薊屬 | |
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(翼蓟) Cirsium vulgare | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 菊类植物 Asterids |
目: | 菊目 Asterales |
科: | 菊科 Asteraceae |
亚科: | 管状花亚科 Carduoideae |
族: | 菜蓟族 Cynareae |
亚族: | Carduinae |
属: | 薊屬 Cirsium (Mill.), 1754 |
种 | |
约200种,参见本文。 |
薊屬被某些鱗翅目物種的幼蟲用作食用植物-參見。 種子對(美國金翅雀)等小雀科很有吸引力。
大多数物种通常根据农业利益被视为杂草。 (翼蓟)(又名歐洲薊)在美国的9个州被列为有害(野草) 。 为了美观和/或支持,例如蝴蝶,特别是在花园和野花种植中种植了某些物种。
醫學用途
- 止(血)
- 消腫
![image](https://www.wiki2.zh-cn.nina.az/image/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2lraTIuemgtY24ubmluYS5hei9pbWFnZS9hSFIwY0hNNkx5OTFjR3h2WVdRdWQybHJhVzFsWkdsaExtOXlaeTkzYVd0cGNHVmthV0V2WTI5dGJXOXVjeTkwYUhWdFlpODJMelpoTDBOcGNuTnBkVzFmWTJGdWRXMHdMbXB3Wnk4eU1qQndlQzFEYVhKemFYVnRYMk5oYm5WdE1DNXFjR2M9LmpwZw==.jpg)
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![image](https://www.wiki2.zh-cn.nina.az/image/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2lraTIuemgtY24ubmluYS5hei9pbWFnZS9hSFIwY0hNNkx5OTFjR3h2WVdRdWQybHJhVzFsWkdsaExtOXlaeTkzYVd0cGNHVmthV0V2WTI5dGJXOXVjeTkwYUhWdFlpOW1MMll3TDFWdWFXUmxiblJwWm1sbFpGOURhWEp6YVhWdFh5VXlPSE53SlRJNVh6SXdNRGd0TURZdE1UWXVhbkJuTHpJeU1IQjRMVlZ1YVdSbGJuUnBabWxsWkY5RGFYSnphWFZ0WHlVeU9ITndKVEk1WHpJd01EZ3RNRFl0TVRZdWFuQm4uanBn.jpg)
下属物种
本属包括以下物种:
- - Soldier Thistle
- - Stemless Thistle, Dwarf Thistle
- - Roadside Thistle, Tall Thistle
- - Mt. Tamalpais Thistle
- - Anderson's Thistle, Rose Thistle
- - Franciscan Thistle
- - Jeweled Thistle
- - Powderpuff Thistle
- - Desert Thistle
- - Arizona Thistle
- (Cirsium arvense) - Creeping Thistle, Field Thistle, Canada Thistle
- Cirsium arvense var. argenteum
- Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium
- Cirsium arvense var. mite
- Cirsium arvense var. vestitum
- - Barneby's Thistle
- - Palouse Thistle
- - Clustered Thistle
- - Cainville Thistle
- - California Thistle
- - Fringebract Thistle
- - Mount Hamilton Thistle
- - Platte Thistle, Prairie Thistle
- - Graygreen Thistle
- - Queen Anne's Thistle
- - Carolina Thistle, Soft Thistle
- - Queen Thistle
- - Monarch Thistle
- - Ashland Thistle
- - Lake Thistle
- - Charleston Mountain Thistle, Whitespine Thistle
- - Rosette Thistle
- - Coulter’s Thistle
- - Slough Thistle
- - Peregrine Thistle
- - Field Thistle, Pasture Thistle
- - Meadow Thistle
- - Dwarf Thistle
- - Eaton's Thistle
- - Edible Thistle
- - Engelmann Thistle, Engelmann's Thistle
- - Woolly Thistle
- - Yellow Melancholy Thistle
- (Cirsium esculentum)
- - Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle
- - Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle
- - Fountain Thistle
- - Gila Thistle
- - Graham's Thistle
- (Cirsium griseum) - Gray Thistle
- - Hall's Thistle
- - Melancholy Thistle, Common Melancholy Thistle
- (Cirsium heterophyllum) - Melancholy Thistle
- - Hill's Thistle
- - White Thistle
- - Yellow Thistle
- - Humboldt County Thistle
- - Suisun Thistle
- - Cloudcroft Thistle
- Cirsium japonicum
- - Kamchatka Thistle
- (玉山蓟) Cirsium kawakamii - Yushan Thistle
- (Cirsium lanatum) - Hairy Thistle
- - Porcupine Thistle
- - Le Conte's Thistle
- (Cirsium leo)
- - LaGraciosa Thistle
- - Longstyle Thistle
- - Mendocino Thistle
- - Mexican Thistle
- - Lacy Thistle
- - Mojave Thistle
- - Murdock's Thistle
- - Swamp Thistle
- - Navajo Thistle
- - Lavender Thistle, New Mexico Thistle
- - Nuttall's Thistle
- -Cobweb Thistle
- - Yellowspine Thistle
- -
- - Summer Thistle
- - Crow Thistle
- - Osterhout's Thistle
- - Ownbey's Thistle
- - Pale Thistle
- Cirsium paludigenum Y. F. Lu, Z. H. Chen et X. F. Jin
- - Marsh thistle, European Swamp Thistle
- - Parry's Thistle
- - Snowy Thistle
- - Steen Mountain Thistle
- (Cirsium pendulum)
- - Rocky Mountain Thistle
- - Pitcher's Thistle, Sand Dune Thistle
- - Palo Alto Thistle, Lost Thistle
- - Red Thistle
- - Wyoming Thistle
- - Pasture Thistle
- - Alameda County Thistle
- - Fewleaf Thistle
- Cirsium remotifolium var. remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle
- - Sandhill Thistle
- - Surf Thistle
- - Rothrock's Thistle
- - Rusby's Thistle
- - Rydberg's Thistle
- - Rough Thistle
- - Mountain Slope Thistle
- - Meadow Thistle
- - Mountain Thistle
- - Gray Thistle, Jackson Hole Thistle
- Cirsium taiwanense Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang
- Y.H.Tseng & C.Y.Chang
- Buckley, 1862 - Texas Thistle
- (Congdon) Petr., 1917 - Stemless Thistle
- (L.) All., 1785 - Tuberous Thistle. 类似于Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle).
- Ackerf.
- - Cliff Thistle
- - Gray Thistle, Wavy-leaf Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
- Cirsium undulatum var. tracyi - Tracy's Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
- Cirsium undulatum var. undulatum - Wavyleaf Thistle
- - Graceful Thistle
- - Spring Thistle
- - Sacramento Mountain Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Thistle
- - Virgin Thistle
- - Virginia Thistle
- (翼蓟) Cirsium vulgare - Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle, Common Thistle, Fuller's Thistle (异名:C. lanceolatum )
- - Wheeler's Thistle
- - Wright's Thistle
- (Maxim.) Makino
- Cirsium zhejiangense Z. H.Chen et X. Jin
- 杂交种:
- - Canal Thistle
- - Thistle
- - Glory Thistle
- - Iowa Thistle
- - Vancouver Thistle
参考文献
- Cirsium. Flora of North America. [2010-01-20]. (原始内容于2017-07-07) (英语).
- . USDA Plant Database. USDA. [2008-07-15]. (原始内容存档于2013-07-02).
- Cirsium Mill.. GBIF. [2023-02-14]. (原始内容于2023-05-30).
- 浙江蓟属( 菊科)二新种:浙江垂头蓟和沼生垂头蓟. NSII. [2023-02-14]. (原始内容于2023-02-14).
- Chih-Yi Chang, Hsy-Yu Tzeng and Yen-Hsueh Tseng. 2021. Cirsium taiwanense (Compositae, Cirsium sect. Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), A New Species from Taiwan. PhytoKeys. 183: 35-53. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119
- Chih-Yi Chang, Hsy-Yu Tzeng andYen-Hsueh Tseng. 2019. Cirsium tatakaense (Compositae), A New Species from Taiwan. PhytoKeys. 117: 119-132. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.117.29380
- Jennifer R. Ackerfield. 2023. Cirsium tukuhnikivatzicum, A New Species of Thistle endemic to the La Sal Mountains of Utah. Systematic Botany. 48(2); 354-362. DOI: 10.1600/036364423X16847773873170
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外部链接
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维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源:薊屬
- (简体中文)(中国数字植物标本馆)中的相关内容:薊屬
- (英文)Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN
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