栒子属(学名:Cotoneaster),又稱舖地蜈蚣屬,為蔷薇科蘋果亞科或的一群木本植物,分布於古北界(温带亚洲、欧洲、非洲北部),在中国西南部和西部山区有很强的多样性。栒子属与(山楂属)(Crataegus)、火棘属(Pyracantha)、石楠属(Photinia)和花楸属(Sorbus)有亲缘关系。
栒子屬 | |
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(耐寒栒子)(Cotoneaster frigidus)的叶和花 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 蔷薇类植物 Rosids |
目: | 蔷薇目 Rosales |
科: | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae |
亚科: | (桃亚科) Amygdaloideae |
族: | (苹果族) Maleae |
亚族: | Malinae |
属: | 栒子屬 Cotoneaster , 1789 |
模式種 | |
(全缘栒子) Cotoneaster integerrimus Medik. | |
物种 | |
根据不同学者对物种的定义,栒子属包含70-300个不同的物种,其中有很多的(microspecies)被部分学者认为是独立的物种,但对於其他学者来说仅为变种。
形态特征
栒子属植物为落叶、常绿或半常绿植物,其中大部分物种是株高0.5-5米的灌木,形态各异,可以是紧贴地面匍匐生长,也可以是直立生长。(耐寒栒子)(Cotoneaster frigidus)等小部分物种是小型乔木,株高达15米,树干直径达75厘米。匍匐生长的物种大多数是高山植物,生长在高海拔地区,例如C. integrifolius就生长在海拔高达3,000-4,000米的喜马拉雅地区,而其他的较大型物种则生长在低海拔的矮灌木丛以及林隙中。
枝条有两种形态,其中长枝长10-40厘米,其上生长确定植株形态的硬枝,短枝长0.5-5厘米,其上生长花芽,这种生长方式使枝条成为一个个分叉组成的形态。冬季芽小,具数个覆瓦状鳞片。叶互生,有时排成二列,长0.5-15厘米,卵形至披针形,全缘,叶柄短,托叶小,早落。花单生,2-3朵单生或组成达100朵花的,顶生在短枝顶端或腋生;萼筒钟状、筒状或陀螺状,具短萼片5枚;花瓣5枚,直立、张开或平展,直径5-10毫米,花色包括白、乳白、淡粉红、深粉红、红色;雄蕊一般为20枚,少数为5-25枚;(花柱)2-5枚,离生,心皮背面与萼筒连合,腹面分离,每心皮有2(胚珠),或半下位;花期为春末至夏初。果实为小型(梨果),直径5-12毫米,成熟时一般为粉红、鲜红或橙黄色,偶有褐红色或紫黑色,先端有宿存萼片,包含1-3枚小核,偶尔多达5枚,每一骨质小核一般包含1粒种子,种子扁平,子叶扁平凸起。有些物种的果实到翌年才会脱落。
野生价值
![image](https://www.wiki2.zh-cn.nina.az/image/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2lraTIuemgtY24ubmluYS5hei9pbWFnZS9hSFIwY0hNNkx5OTFjR3h2WVdRdWQybHJhVzFsWkdsaExtOXlaeTkzYVd0cGNHVmthV0V2WTI5dGJXOXVjeTkwYUhWdFlpODVMemsyTDBOdmRHOXVaV0Z6ZEdWeVgyWnlhV2RwWkhWelgxUjFjbVIxYzE5d2FXeGhjbWx6WHpNdWFuQm5MekkxTUhCNExVTnZkRzl1WldGemRHVnlYMlp5YVdkcFpIVnpYMVIxY21SMWMxOXdhV3hoY21selh6TXVhbkJuLmpwZw==.jpg)
栒子属植物是一些鳞翅目昆虫幼虫的食物,这些昆虫包括(Acronicta psi)、(Erannis defoliaria)、Nola cucullatella(一种(瘤蛾科)昆虫)、(Operophtera brumata)以及(Scythropia crataegella)。花会吸引蜜蜂和蝴蝶,鸟会食用植物的果实。
虽然在分布於英国和爱尔兰的栒子属原生物种相当少,但当地将栒子属和火棘属植物视为很有价值的花蜜来源,因为当地在6月时蜜源极为匮乏。红色的果实对於(欧乌鸫)和其他(鸫属)鸟类也是极具诱惑力的食物。
栽培利用
栒子属是很受欢迎的园林灌木植物,因为其株型美观,夏季能开出密集的花束,秋季能接触艳丽的累累果实,在庭园中还可以修剪成绿篱,而匍匐散生种类可以作为岩石地面植被或堤岸植物。有些栒子属园林灌木是(杂交种),如常见的Cotoneaster ×watereri Exell由(耐寒栒子)(C. frigidus)和(柳叶栒子)(C. salicifolius)杂交得到,不过大部分不是杂交种。繁殖方式有播种、(扦插)和(嫁接),播种後1-3年发芽。栒子属植物木质坚硬,可制作手杖和其他柄状器物。
很多物种已经逸生到野外,成为入侵植物,因为当地的气候条件适宜其生长,例如很多原产於中国的物种已在欧洲西北部成为归化物种;(粉叶栒子)(C. glaucophyllus)已在澳大利亚和美国加利福尼亚州成为入侵植物;(C. simonsii)已被新西兰列入《National Pest Plant Accord》以防止其销售和散布,因为其入侵性很强。
命名和分类
属名Cotoneaster源自拉丁语cotone,是一个古老的拉丁名称,意为(榲桲),而後缀-aster意为“相似的”。这一属名是阳性,不过在一些旧文献中被误当作阴性,这就导致很多物种的种加词有不同版本的词尾(如全缘栒子Cotoneaster integerrimus的异名Cotoneaster integerrima)。
栒子属常被分为2个或更多组,不过由於(杂交种)的存在,情况比较复杂:
- 疏花组 sect. Cotoneaster(异名sect. Orthopetalum):单花或6枚花簇生,被片立起,常为淡粉色,大部分为小型灌木。
- sect. Chaenopetalum:超过20朵花组成伞房花序,被片平展,乳白色,大部分为大型灌木。
《中国植物志》的分类方式:
- 密花组 sect. Deniflos
- 柳叶系 ser. Salicifollii
- 耐寒系 ser. Frigidi
- 疏花组 sect. Cotoneaster
- 多花系 ser. Multiflori
- 尖叶系 ser. Acuminati
- 全缘系 ser. Integerrimi
- 单花组 sect. Uniflos
- 小叶系 ser. Microphylli
- 两列系 ser. Distichi
![image](https://www.wiki2.zh-cn.nina.az/image/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2lraTIuemgtY24ubmluYS5hei9pbWFnZS9hSFIwY0hNNkx5OTFjR3h2WVdRdWQybHJhVzFsWkdsaExtOXlaeTkzYVd0cGNHVmthV0V2WTI5dGJXOXVjeTkwYUhWdFlpODJMell4TDBOdmRHOXVaV0Z6ZEdWeVgyRmpkVzFwYm1GMGRYTmZMVjlpWlhKeWFXVnpYeVV5T0dGcllTVXlPUzVxY0djdk1qVXdjSGd0UTI5MGIyNWxZWE4wWlhKZllXTjFiV2x1WVhSMWMxOHRYMkpsY25KcFpYTmZKVEk0WVd0aEpUSTVMbXB3Wnc9PS5qcGc=.jpg)
![image](https://www.wiki2.zh-cn.nina.az/image/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2lraTIuemgtY24ubmluYS5hei9pbWFnZS9hSFIwY0hNNkx5OTFjR3h2WVdRdWQybHJhVzFsWkdsaExtOXlaeTkzYVd0cGNHVmthV0V2WTI5dGJXOXVjeTkwYUhWdFlpODVMemxpTDBOdmRHOXVaV0Z6ZEdWeVgyRmpkWFJwWm05c2FYVnpMbXB3Wnk4eU5UQndlQzFEYjNSdmJtVmhjM1JsY2w5aFkzVjBhV1p2YkdsMWN5NXFjR2M9LmpwZw==.jpg)
物种
本属包括以下物种:
- (尖叶栒子) Cotoneaster acuminatus Lindl.
- (灰栒子) Cotoneaster acutifolius Turcz.
- Cotoneaster acutifolius var. villosulus Rehder & E. H. Wilson,细柔毛栒子,异名:Cotoneaster villosulus (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö)
- 灰栒子 Cotoneaster acutifolius var. acutifolius
- Pojark.
- (匍匐栒子) Cotoneaster adpressus Bois
- (Walter) Wenz.
- (藏边栒子) Cotoneaster affinis Lindl.
- G.Klotz
- C.K.Schneid.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Popov
- Golitsin
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer
- Pojark.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (川康栒子) Cotoneaster ambiguus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- Cotoneaster amoenus E.H.Wilson
- Chaten.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Franch.
- Juz. & N.I.Orlova(或A.Vassiliev)
细尖栒子 - (细尖栒子) Cotoneaster apiculatus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- Duthie ex J.H.Veitch
- Zabel.
- G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster argenteus G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- Cotoneaster atropurpureus Flinck & B.Hylmö,异名:Cotoneaster multiflorus var. atropurpureus Yü
- Gand.
- Flinck & B.Hylmö
- Khat.
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & E.C.Nelson
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Wall. ex Lindl.
- Pax
- Cotoneaster bakeri G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Grevtsova
- G.Klotz
- H.Lév.
- H.Lév.
- G.Klotz
- (Hurus.) Hurus.
- Petz. & G.Kirchn.
- Pojark. ex Zakirov
- E.C.Nelson J.Fryer
- G.Klotz
- Rehder & Wilson
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
泡叶栒子 - (泡叶栒子) Cotoneaster bullatus Bois
- Cotoneaster bullatus f. floribundus (Stapf) Rehder & E.H. Wilson
- Cotoneaster bullatus var. macrophyllus Rehd. et Wils.
- Cotoneaster bullatus var. camilli-schneideri (Pojark.) L.T.Lu,异名:Cotoneaster camilli-schneideri Pojark.)
- 泡叶栒子 Cotoneaster bullatus var. bullatus
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- (黄杨叶栒子) Cotoneaster buxifolius Wall. ex Lindl.
- Cotoneaster buxifolius var. marginatus,异名:Cotoneaster marginatus (Loudon) Schltdl.
- Cotoneaster buxifolius var. vellaeus (Franch.) Klotz.
- (黄杨叶栒子) Cotoneaster buxifolius var. buxifolius
- A.Murray bis
- Cotoneaster calocarpus (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster cambricus J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Vestergr. ex B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- H.Lév.
- (G.Klotz) Flinck & B.Hylmö
- (镇康栒子) Cotoneaster chengkangensis T.T.Yu
- Hand. - Mazz.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (Rehder) Flinck & B.Hylmö
- Juz.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Steud.
- (C.K.Schneid.) Flinck & B.Hylmö
- Lem.
- G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster conspicuus H. F. Comber ex C. Marquand,,异名:Cotoneaster microphyllus var. conspicuus Messel ex anon.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- C.Marquand
- Focke
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- H.Lév.
- (厚叶栒子) Cotoneaster coriaceus Franch.
克鲁比亚栒子 - Cotoneaster 'Cornubia'
- Steud.
- (D.Don) K.Koch
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Exell
- Lee ex K.Koch
- C.Marquand ex J.Fryer
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
矮生栒子 - (矮生栒子) Cotoneaster dammeri C.K.Schneid.
- Cotoneaster dammeri var. radicans Dammer ex C. K. Schneid.,异名:Cotoneaster radicans G.Klotz
- (矮生栒子) Cotoneaster dammeri var. dammeri
- Grevtsova
- hort. ex Dippel
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster delavayanus G.Klotz
- Chatenier
- M.W. Li, Q. Fan & W. B. Liao
- Kunth
小叶木帚栒子 - (木帚栒子) Cotoneaster dielsianus E.Pritz. ex Diels
- Cotoneaster dielsianus var. elegans Rehder & E. H. Wilson,异名:Cotoneaster elegans (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö,Cotoneaster splendens Flinck & B.Hylmö
- (木帚栒子) Cotoneaster dielsianus dielsianus
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- Cotoneaster dissimilis G.Klotz
- Lange
散生栒子 - (散生栒子) Cotoneaster divaricatus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster dokeriensis G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster duthieanus (C.K.Schneid.) G.Klotz,异名:Cotoneaster nitidus Jacq. var. duthieanus (Schneid.) Yu
- G.Klotz
- (Lindl.) Loudon
- hort. ex K.Koch
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- hort.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer
- Khat.
- H.Lév.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- (恩施栒子) Cotoneaster fangianus T.T.Yu
- Klotzsch
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Grossh.
- Hayata
- G.Klotz
- Wenz.
麻核栒子 - (麻核栒子) Cotoneaster foveolatus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
西南栒子,花 西南栒子,果实 - (西南栒子) Cotoneaster franchetii Bois
西南栒子,枝叶 西南栒子,树冠 - (耐寒栒子) Cotoneaster frigidus Wall. ex Lindl.
- Vilm.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- Hurus. ex Nakai
- Kirschl.
- G.Klotz
- Flinck & B.Hylmö ex G.Klotz
- (光叶栒子) Cotoneaster glabratus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- (粉叶栒子) Cotoneaster glaucophyllus Franch.
- Cotoneaster glaucophyllus var. meiophyllus W. W. Sm.,异名:Cotoneaster meiophyllus (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz)
- Cotoneaster glaucophyllus var. serotinus (Hutch.) L. T. Lu & Brach,异名:Cotoneaster serotinus Hutch.
- Cotoneaster glaucophyllus var. vestitus W.W.Smith.(异名Cotoneaster vestitus (W.W.Sm.) Flinck & B.Hylmö)
- (Hurus.) G.Klotz
- (球花栒子) Cotoneaster glomerulatus W.W.Sm.
- Pojark.
- Cotoneaster gonggashanensis J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- B.Hylmö
- (细弱栒子) Cotoneaster gracilis Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- hort. ex K.Koch
- Boiss
- G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster guanmenensis J.Fryer
- Cotoneaster handel-mazzettii G.Klotz
- (蒙自栒子) Cotoneaster harrovianus E.H.Wilson
- (丹巴栒子) Cotoneaster harrysmithii Flinck & B.Hylmö
- (钝叶栒子) Cotoneaster hebephyllus Diels
- Cotoneaster hebephyllus var. fulvidus W. W. Sm.(异名Cotoneaster fulvidus (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz)
- Cotoneaster hebephyllus var. incanus W. W. Sm.(异名Cotoneaster incanus (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz)
- Cotoneaster hebephyllus var. majusculus W. W. Sm.(异名Cotoneaster majusculus (W.W.Sm.) G.Klotz)
- (钝叶栒子) Cotoneaster hebephyllus var. hebephyllus(异名Cotoneaster monopyrenus (W.W.Sm.) Flinck & B.Hylmö)
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- hort. ex Zabel
- hort. ex Lavallee
- Pojark.
- Cotoneaster hjelmqvistii Flinck & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster hodjingensis G.Klotz
- hort. ex Zabel
- hort. ex Lavallee
平枝栒子 - (平枝栒子) Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne.
- Cotoneaster horizontalis var. perpusillus Schneid.(异名Cotoneaster perpusillus (C.K.Schneid.) Flinck & B.Hylmö)
- 平枝栒子 Cotoneaster horizontalis var. horizontalis
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster hualiensis J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Duthie ex J.H.Veitch
- Donn
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster hurusawaianus G.Klotz
- B.Hylmö & J.Fryer
- Carriere
- Flinck & J.Fryer
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- E.L.Wolf
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö - Firebird Cotoneaster
- G.Klotz - Black-grape Cotoneaster
- Klotzsch
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö - Hardy Cotoneaster
- G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster insculptus Diels
- Pojark.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- (全缘栒子) Cotoneaster integerrimus Medik.
Cotoneaster integrifolius的枝条,长枝上有数个短枝,果实直径8毫米 - (Roxb.) G.Klotz - Entire-leaved Cotoneaster
- (Lecoq. & Lamotte) H.J.Coste
- hort. ex Dippel
- Gand.
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster kaschkarovii Pojark.
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Grevtsova
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Hayata
- Cotoneaster kongboensis G.Klotz
- (小西氏栒子) Cotoneaster konishii Hayata,、(台灣舖地蜈蚣)
- (C.K.Schneid.) G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- Klotzsch
乳白花栒子,花 乳白花栒子,植株 - Cotoneaster lacteus W.W.Sm.
- (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) G.Klotz
- hort. ex Steud.
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- hort. ex Regel
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (中甸栒子) Cotoneaster langei G.Klotz
- B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Jacq. ex Lindl.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster lidjiangensis G.Klotz
- Steud.
- (G.Klotz) G.Klotz
- Grevtsova
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
贝加尔栒子 - Cotoneaster lucidus Schltdl.
- Cotoneaster ludlowii G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- H.Lév. - Maire's Cotoneaster
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Gand.
- Domokos
- Popov
- (黑果栒子) Cotoneaster melanocarpus Lodd.
- (Franch.) G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
无毛小叶栒子 - (小叶栒子) Cotoneaster microphyllus Wall. ex Lindl.
- Cotoneaster microphyllus var. cochleatus (Franch.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson(异名:Cotoneaster cochleatus (Franch.) G.Klotz)
- Cotoneaster microphyllus var. glacialis Hook. f. ex Wenz.(异名Cotoneaster glacialis (Hook.f. ex Wenz.) Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar,Cotoneaster congestus Baker,Cotoneaster pyrenaicus hort. ex Rehder, nom. inval.)
- Cotoneaster microphyllus var. thymifolius Koehne(异名:Cotoneaster thymifolius Wall. ex Lindl.)
- 小叶栒子 Cotoneaster microphyllus var. microphyllus
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz & Krugel
- J.Fryer
- (蒙古栒子) Cotoneaster mongolicus Pojark.
- Lange ex Dippel
- (台湾栒子) Cotoneaster morrisonensis Hayata
- Pojark.
- (宝兴栒子) Cotoneaster moupinensis Franch.
- Cotoneaster mucronatus Franch.
- Cotoneaster muliensis G.Klotz
- (水栒子) Cotoneaster multiflorus Bunge
- G.Klotz
- Hayata
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- M.Vilm. ex Mottet - Dwarf Cotoneaster
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (G.Klotz) G.Klotz
- Tkatsch. ex J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (Guss.) K.Koch
- Tzvelev.
- Galushko
- A.N.Vassiljeva
- Czerep.
- hort. ex K.Koch
- Decne
- Boiss. ex Steud.
- Lemoine
- (Wahlenb.) Fries
- (光泽栒子) Cotoneaster nitens Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- (亮叶栒子) Cotoneaster nitidifolius Marquand
- (两列栒子) Cotoneaster nitidus Jacques
- Cotoneaster nitidus var. parvifolius (Yu) Yu(异名Cotoneaster parvifolius (Hook.f.) Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar)
- 两列栒子 Cotoneaster nitidus var. nitidus
- (G.Klotz) G.Panigrahi & A.Kumar
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster notabilis G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Pojark.
- Fisch. & Mey.
- Osmaston
- (暗红栒子) Cotoneaster obscurus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- Cotoneaster obscurus var. cornifolius Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- (暗红栒子) Cotoneaster obscurus var. obscurus
- Gand.
- Wall. ex Lindl.
- (少花栒子) Cotoneaster oliganthus Pojark.
- Cotoneaster oligocarpus C.K.Schneid.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Schltdl.
- (Mill.) Borbas
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- G.Klotz
毡毛栒子 毡毛栒子 - (毡毛栒子) Cotoneaster pannosus Franch.
- Cotoneaster pannosus var. robustior W.W.Smith
- 毡毛栒子 Cotoneaster pannosus var. pannosus
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- Panigrahi & Arv.Kumar
- Boiss. & Heldr.
- Boiss.
- Cotoneaster pekinensis (Koehne) Zabel
- G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster pleuriflorus G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- Baker - Procumbent Cotoneaster
- Pojark.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö - Kangting Cotoneaster
- Cotoneaster racemiflorus K.Koch
- Pojark. - Bullate Cotoneaster
- (网脉栒子) Cotoneaster reticulatus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- (麻叶栒子) Cotoneaster rhytidophyllus Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- Cotoneaster rockii
Cotoneaster roseus - Edgew.
- K. C. Chang & F. Y. Lu
- (圆叶栒子) Cotoneaster rotundifolius Wall. ex Lindl. - Round-leaved Cotoneaster
- (红花栒子) Cotoneaster rubens W.W.Sm.
- Cotoneaster rubens var. minianus Yü
- 红花栒子 Cotoneaster rubens var. rubens Yü
柳叶栒子,花 柳叶栒子,叶 柳叶栒子,果实 柳叶栒子,植株 - (柳叶栒子) Cotoneaster salicifolius Franch.
- Cotoneaster salicifolius var. henryanus (C. K. Schneid.) T. T. Yu(异名Cotoneaster henryanus (C.K.Schneid.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson)
- Cotoneaster salicifolius var. rugosus (E. Pritz.) Rehder & E. H. Wilson
- Cotoneaster salicifolius var. angustus Yu(异名Cotoneaster angustus (T.T.Yu) G.Klotz)
- 柳叶栒子 Cotoneaster salicifolius var. salicifolius
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer
- G.Klotz
- (血色栒子) Cotoneaster sanguineus T.T.Yu
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- B.Hylmö
- B.Hylmö
- (山东栒子) Cotoneaster schantungensis G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster schlechtendalii G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö - Shannan Cotoneaster
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (康巴栒子) Cotoneaster sherriffii G.Klotz
- Klotzsch
- Cotoneaster sikangensis J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Mouill.
- (华中栒子) Cotoneaster silvestrei Pamp.(异名Cotoneaster hupehensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson)
- Cotoneaster simonsii Baker
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- (准噶尔栒子) Cotoneaster soongoricus (Regel & Herder) Popov
- Cotoneaster soongoricus var. microcarpus (Rehder & E. H. Wilson) G. Klotz(异名Cotoneaster microcarpus (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Flinck & B.Hylmö)
- 准噶尔栒子 Cotoneaster soongoricus var. soongoricus
- G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- (Michx.) Wenz.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster staintonii G.Klotz
- Cotoneaster sternianus (Turrill) Boom
- Klotzsch
- G.Klotz
- Pojark.
- Pojark.
- (高山栒子) Cotoneaster subadpressus T.T.Yu
- G.Klotz
- (毛叶水栒子) Cotoneaster submultiflorus Popov(异名:Cotoneaster bitahaiensis J.Fryer & B.Hylmö)
- Gand.
- (Kitam.) G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Hayata
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Popov
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster taoensis G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Pojark.
- (藏南栒子) Cotoneaster taylorii T.T.Yu
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö - Tengyueh Cotoneaster
- (细枝栒子) Cotoneaster tenuipes Rehder & E.H.Wilson
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster tibeticus G.Klotz
- Pojark. ex Peschkova
- Grovtsova
- Pojark. - Short-felted Cotoneaster
- Lindl. - Woolly Cotoneaster
- Pojark.
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster tumeticus Pojark.
- (陀螺果栒子) Cotoneaster turbinatus Craib
- Pojark.
- Pojark.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (单花栒子) Cotoneaster uniflorus Bunge
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Don
- (Lindl.) J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Grevtsova
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) G.Klotz - Many-flowered Cotoneaster
- Cotoneaster vernae C.K.Schneid.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (疣枝栒子) Cotoneaster verruculosus Diels
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- Cotoneaster vilmorinianus G.Klotz
- G.Klotz
- Hook.f.
- G.Klotz
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
白毛栒子 - (白毛栒子) Cotoneaster wardii W.W.Sm.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- G.Klotz
- Nakai - Somgeyagwang namu (In Korean)
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
- (西北栒子) Cotoneaster zabelii C.K.Schneid.
- Grevtsova
- Cotoneaster zayulensis G.Klotz
- B.Hylmö
- Pojark.
- J.Fryer & B.Hylmö
来源:
参考文献
- 俞德浚、陸玲娣、谷粹芝 等 (编). 中国植物志 第36卷 (PDF). 北京: 科学出版社. 1974: 108 [2010年8月18日] (中文).[]
- Flora of China: Cotoneaster (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)(包括世界上大部分栒子属物种)
- Bean, W. J. (1976). Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles 8th edition. John Murray .
- Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan .
- Flora of NW Europe: Cotoneaster species list 互联网档案馆的,存档日期2009-06-11.
- Weeds Australia - Weed Identification - Cotoneaster 互联网档案馆的,存档日期2007-09-28.
- Cal-IPC:Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Cotoneaster Medik.. GBIF. [2023-05-12]. (原始内容于2023-04-19).
- Mingwan Li, Dan Li, Mengfei Lu, Shuangfeng Mo, Shen Ding, Yuanyuan Chen, Yong Lai, Dangquan Zhang, Wenbo Liao and Qiang Fan. 2023. A New Species of Cotoneaster (Rosaceae) from western Sichuan, China. PhytoKeys. 236: 39-52. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.236.111819
- K.-C. Chang, C.-C. Wang, S.-L. Deng, Yoshiko Kono, F.-L. Lu and Ching-I Peng. 2011. Cotoneaster rosiflorus (Rosaceae), A New Species from Taiwan. Botanical Studies. 52(2); 211-218.
- Flora of Nepal: Cotoneaster (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Flora Europaea: Cotoneaster (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- (瑞典文)Den virtuella floran: Cotoneaster (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Cotoneaster (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),(生命大百科全書)(EOL)
- 周丽华,吴征镒. 大果栒子的分类修订. 云南植物研究. 1999, 21 (2) [2010-08-18]. ISSN 0253-2700.
外部链接
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- (简体中文)(中国数字植物标本馆)中的相关内容:栒子属
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